2013年11月IB物理(SL)真题PDF下载-paper2
1. Data analysis question.
A chain is suspended between two vertical supports A and B. The chain is made of a number of identical metal links.
The length l of the chain can be increased by adding extra links. An experiment was undertaken to investigate how the sag d of the midpoint of the chain, measured from the horizontal between A and B, varies with l. The data obtained are shown plotted below. The uncertainties in l are too small to be shown.
(a) Draw a best-fit line for the data points on the graph opposite.
(b) With reference to your answer to (a),
(i) explain why the relationship between d and l is not linear.
(ii) estimate the horizontal distance between the supports A and B.
(c) Before the experiment was carried out, it was hypothesized that d depends on √l .Determine, using your answer to (a), whether this hypothesis is valid.
2. This question is about forces.
A stone block is pulled at constant speed up an incline by a cable attached to an electric motor.
The incline makes an angle of 12° with the horizontal. The weight of the block is 1.5×104 N and the tension T in the cable is 4.2×103 N.
(a) On the diagram draw and label arrows that represent the forces acting on the block.
(b) Calculate the magnitude of the friction force acting on the block.
3. This question is about nuclear power production.
(a) State two advantages of power production using fossil fuels compared to using nuclear fuels.
(b) Outline the reason why fuel enrichment is necessary for the fuel used in a commercial nuclear reactor.
(c) A domestic water tank contains 620 kg of water. You are asked to compare raising the temperature of the water by 25 K using the energy available from nuclear fission and the energy available from the Sun. The following data are available.
Determine the
(i) mass of uranium-235 that is needed to raise the temperature of the water by 25 K. [2]
(ii) time in hours required to raise the temperature of the water by 25 K using the solar panels.
(d) The solar energy in (c) is used to heat the water directly, whereas the nuclear energy must first be converted into electrical energy in the nuclear power station. Outline the energy transformations that take place within the nuclear power station in the production of electrical power.
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